{"text_format":"2","workbook":"xlsx","n_sheets":3,"sheets":["Summary","Original Template","Finished Template"],"not_rendered":{"charts":0,"images":91,"macros":0,"external_links":0,"defined_names":1,"comments":0,"pivot_tables":0},"unopened":[],"bounds":{"document_bytes":16777216,"sheet_cells":100000,"run_cost":"one","rows_first":2000,"rows_last":500,"rows_between":2000,"halvings":0,"cell_chars":16384,"cell_head_chars":4096},"cells_cut":0,"cells_raw":0,"read":"whole","date_system":"1900"}

{"sheet":"Summary","index":0,"n_rows":17,"n_cols":4,"rows_kept":17,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,2,1,3],[2,2,2,3]]}
[]
[null,null,"Details are in the Template tab"]
[null,null,"Alt-Text Assessment Report"]
[null,null,"Publisher","Dundurn Press"]
[null,null,"Title","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick"]
[null,null,"ISBN",9781459750661]
[null,null,"DLID","N/a"]
[null,null,"Author","Robert D. Banks"]
[null,null,"Pages",368]
[null,null,"Received Date","2022-11-15"]
[null,null,"Dispatch Date","2022-11-16"]
[null,null,"Language","EN"]
[null,null,"Image Count",91]
[null,null,"Simple",2]
[null,null,"Moderate",89]
[null,null,"Complex",0]
[null,null,"ATAR Score",{"$f":"+(D14*2)+(D15*4)+(D16*6)","v":360}]

{"sheet":"Original Template","index":1,"n_rows":97,"n_cols":12,"rows_kept":97,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}
["S. No.","Author","Title","Edition","Page Number","Image Name"," Thumbnail of Image","Decorative","Complexity","Figure legend","Alt text - Short","Alt text - Long"]
[1,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a","Cover","Cover",null,"No","Simple","N/a"]
[2,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a","IV","icopy",null,"No","Simple","N/a"]
[3,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/A","IV - Copyright page","DP_logo_black.eps",null,"No","Simple","N/a"]
[4,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/A","IV - Copyright page","text reading \"dundurn.com\" on last line",null,"No","Simple","N/a"]
[5,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/A","IV - Copyright page","sm_twitter_black.eps",null,"No","Simple","N/a"]
[6,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/A","IV - Copyright page","sm_facebook_black.eps",null,"No","Simple","N/a"]
[7,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/A","IV - Copyright page","sm_instagram_black.eps",null,"No","Simple","N/a"]
[8,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a","X","f000x-01",null,"No","Moderate","Point Frederick in 1815.\n\n1 Royal Navy hospital\n2 Front road\n3 Back road\n4 Shanties\n5 Navy Bay Inlet\n6 Kingston Inlet\n7 Navy Bay sandspit\n8 Mould loft, HMS Wolfe, and HMS Canada\n9 Commodore’s quarters\n10 Point Frederick battery"]
[9,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a","X","f000x-02",null,"No","Moderate","Point Frederick in 1933.\n\n1 Front Road (Highway 2)\n2 Vérité Avenue\n3 Site of Admiralty House\n4 Valour Drive\n5 The hill\n6 Kingston Harbour\n7 Navy Bay\n8 Mackenzie Building\n9 Stone Frigate\n10 Fort Frederick"]
[10,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a","XI","f00xi-01",null,"No","Moderate","Point Frederick in 2020.\n\n1 Barriefield\n2 RMC north campus\n3 Commandant’s\nResidence\n4 Indigenous\ncampground\n5 Dockyard gate\n6 Parade square\n7 Panet House and Old Gym\n8 Provincial Marine wharf\n9 St. Lawrence Wharf\n10 Senior Staff Mess"]
[11,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a","XI","f00xi-02",null,"No","Moderate","Kingston, Point Frederick, and Fort Henry in 2020.\n\n1 Kingston\n2 Fort Frontenac\n3 Cataraqui River\n4 Site of Penny Bridge\n5 Site of 1812 attack on Kingston\n6 Barriefield\n7 Point Frederick\n8 Navy Bay\n9 Fort Henry\n10 Deadman Bay"]
[12,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",4,"f0004-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 1.1:  The earliest convincing map of Point Frederick, circa 1682, nine years after the founding of Fort Frontenac. Features and modern context: (1) Point Frederick peninsula; (2) Navy Bay; (3) Kingston Inlet; (4) a Haudenosaunee village; (5) Fort Frontenac; and (6) Kingston Harbour. Point Frederick is mostly forested. Compass label added to detail of map."]
[13,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",8,"f0008-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 1.2: This labelled map detail is attributed to Pierre Pouchot and dated 1755 or 1756. The features contain (1) Point Frederick; (2) Fort Frontenac; and (3) Navy Bay. In this depiction, “Pointe de Montreal” is wooded except for the suggestion of a clearing on south Point Frederick. The handwritten notes appear to be plans for a defensive work on Point Frederick."]
[14,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",10,"f0010-01",null,"No","Moderate","Figs. 1.3A and 1.3B: Two maps, two opinions. Fig. 1.3A: The 1757 René-Hippolyte Laforce map of Cataraqui shows sounding depths, although not in Navy Bay. Fig. 1.3B: Pierre de la Broquerie’s map of the same place, also from 1757, is similar but less stylized."]
[15,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",15,"f0015-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 2.1: Lake Ontario trace map with the important naval ports of the 18th and early 19th centuries indicated."]
[16,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",20,"f0020-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 2.2: Point Frederick is the forested area in the background spreading behind the two vessels, Provincial Marine ships, while (1) is near the open area at the base of the tall tree; (2) is close to swampy ground between the inlets; and (3) is near the future dockyard area."]
[17,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",25,"f0025-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 2.3: This detail from a 1790 map shows the Provincial Marine wharf (D) and two storehouses (d) built in 1784. These storehouses were located near the Senior Staff Mess close to the shoreline and about 250 yards from the wharf."]
[18,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",28,"f0028-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 3.1: Detail of plan of Kingston and vicinity, 1788. The military reserve was the tinted area defined by shorelines and the oblique straight line."]
[19,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",29,"f0029-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 3.2: Contemporary handwritten notes on a trace of Captain Gother Mann’s map. "]
[20,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",30,"f0030-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 3.3: The estimated boundary of the early Provincial Marine dockyard as planned. The storehouses were located just beyond the southern fence line close to the west end of today’s Panet House."]
[21,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",31,"f0031-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 3.4: Detail of the map of Kingston Harbour by René- Hippolyte Laforce and Lewis Kotté, 1789."]
[22,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",33,"f0033-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 3.5: Map of Point Frederick in 1794 showing the King’s Stores and dockyard. Note the depicted lake approach to the wharf."]
[23,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",35,"f0035-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 3.6Ai and 3.6Aii: Comparison of 1794 (top) and 1815 (bottom) maps showing matched buildings. Fig. 3.6Bi and 3.6Bii: Side-by-side matching 1815 (left) and 1790 (right) maps of buildings. (Maps rotated counterclockwise.)"]
[24,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",36,"f0036-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 3.7: A conjectural schematic of Point Frederick in 1794 viewed toward the south with Navy Bay on the left. The fenced enclosure was probably surrounded by a diminishing population of trees until at least the mid-1790s."]
[25,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",37,"f0037-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 3.8: Officers’ mess/quarters depicted in 1833. This Provincial Marine building was present by 1794 and later served the needs of the Royal Navy."]
[26,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",37,"f0037-02",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 3.9: This impressively accurate depiction shows the allocations of land on Point Frederick in 1790. Compare this to Fig. 3.1 and note the two farm lots that intrude into the military reserve."]
[27,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",40,"f0040-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 3.10A: This stylized 1796 map detail depicts roads, dockyard buildings, and residences, roughly in line with Captain Gother Mann’s plan (see Fig. 3.1). Fig. 3.10B: The earliest vertical perspective aerial photograph with arrows displaying points of comparison."]
[28,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",43,"f0043-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 4.1A: The sketch by Elizabeth Posthuma Simcoe, dated July 27, 1792, several days after she departed Kingston, shows the town in the background and the south prominence of Point Frederick — still forested — on the right. Fig. 4.1B: A similar view from south Navy Bay between Point Henry and Cedar Island."]
[29,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",53,"f0053-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 5.1: Photograph of Point Frederick from Fort Henry, circa 1862–67. The 1813 mould loft is the two-and-a-halfstorey building in the centre. The arrow points to Slip No. 1."]
[30,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",59,"f0059-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 5.2: The location of the Point Frederick mast pond is shown in a 1933 aerial photograph. Within two years of the photograph, land infilling of the mast pond began and continued until it was filled."]
[31,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",76,"f0076-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 7.1: The building in the centre is likely a converted barrack that started as an early Provincial Marine storehouse. It was later converted back to a storehouse (Store No. 3). The pair of similar white buildings on the hill, just to the left, are purpose-built barracks, circa 1813."]
[32,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",86,"f0086-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 7.2: The commodore’s house as shown in a detail of a painting made shortly after the War of 1812. While built to meet Commodore James Yeo’s need, at the time of this image it was occupied by Commodore Edward Owen."]
[33,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",87,"f0087-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 7.3: This detail from a British Admiralty map dating from 1815 shows the wooden fence and first dockyard gate. The inset highlights two small objects, probably the cannon bollards still present."]
[34,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",88,"f0088-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 7.4: Conjectural schematic of wooden fence and dockyard gate (1814) with the core elements of the dockyard in the background."]
[35,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",93,"f0093-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 7.5: This image of a Royal Navy gunboat shows the single cannon mounted forward. Sailors are rowing, steering, and acting as gunners while marines (in red) wait with small arms ready."]
[36,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",96,"f0096-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 8.1: The locations of Slips No. 2, No. 3, and No. 4 on today’s landscape are marked by the underwater remains of slipways built in 1813 and 1814."]
[37,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",98,"f0098-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 8.2: This 1841 view shows two of the artificers’ barracks built on the hill in 1813. The third and most northern one is not visible in this view."]
[38,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",98,"f0098-02",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 8.3: Detail from an 1815 British Admiralty map showing shanties. There were upward of 70 separate apartments or rooms. In some cases, there were single-room shanties. In others, the shanties shared walls with neighbours or were single buildings with multiple rooms. Note the privy at Navy Bay Inlet, which must have received plenty of traffic."]
[39,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",100,"f0100-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 8.4: A conjectural schematic looking south to the naval yard. The building in the foreground left is the hospital, which partly hides the surgeon’s house. The three white buildings left centre are barracks, with the shanties to the right near the front road. The dockyard is beyond the fence."]
[40,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",102,"f0102-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 8.5: In this elevated conjectural illustration viewed from Kingston, the blue house on the left is probably Acting Commissioner Richard O’Conor’s quarters and office, the site of today’s RMC Mackenzie Building. Right centre is Commodore Yeo’s quarters and offices."]
[41,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",102,"f0102-02",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 8.6: The heart of the naval dockyard shown 60 years after the Provincial Marine era. These structures were all present during the War of 1812: (1) upper remnants of the Provincial Marine wharf; (2) the paint shop; (3) roof of a storehouse; (4) partially hidden, the likely dwelling of Richard O’Conor when acting commissioner; and (5) original guardhouse, later the storekeeper’s office."]
[42,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",104,"f0104-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 8.7: Detail of an 1816 map showing the wooden fence across the isthmus (1) and the western boundary fence ordered by Commodore Robert Hall in 1815 (2). The commodore’s quarters are at (3). The workmen’s quarters, including shanties (not shown), are at (4), and the newly built St. Lawrence wharf (circa 1815) is at (5)."]
[43,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",111,"f0111-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 9.1: The Point Frederick batteries as depicted in 1815. The fraise is shown by the sawtooth appearance of the parapet surrounding the fort buildings. The counterscarp went to the shoreline. The blockhouse is the large structure in the centre."]
[44,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",130,"f0130-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 10.1: Painting shows the St. Lawrence just before it was launched into Navy Bay. While the crowds are not shown to be large (it was drizzling on September 10, 1814), there is much described in the image (see Fig. 10.2)."]
[45,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",130,"f0130-02",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 10.2: Some of the details suggest actual events and people. For example: (1) the man on horseback with companion standing near; (2) possibly Captain William Mulcaster, who had been shot through the leg at Oswego; (3) two sailors or shipwrights cut the tether while a third knocks out blocks; (4) a band plays; and (5) families."]
[46,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",136,"f0136-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 11.1: The hospital complex today. The arrow shows the outline of the foundations of the Royal Navy hospital built in 1814. The surgeon’s house was within today’s Commandant’s Residence, the large building in the lower right centre. The smaller building on the upper right is the hospital cookhouse."]
[47,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",137,"f0137-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 11.2: A painting circa 1911 of the “old” naval hospital in Kingston, built by John Cummings in 1810 and purchased by the Royal Navy in 1814 for use as a temporary hospital."]
[48,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",138,"f0138-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 11.3: An 1839 easterly view of the Point Frederick naval hospital (centre building), built in 1814. The house with the red roof was the surgeon’s dwelling, built in 1817. It remains within the structure of the RMC Commandant’s Residence."]
[49,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",142,"f0142-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 11.4: A.T.E. Vidal, W.F. Owen, H.L. Renny, and H.W. Bayfield 1816 depiction of a burial ground. The routing of the back road was then parallel with the east shore."]
[50,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",143,"f0143-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 11.5: This circa 1870 panorama appears to show grave markers on the downslope of the hill at the head of Navy Bay. This would be the closest approach to the burial ground from the early route of the back road."]
[51,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",146,"f0146-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 12.1A: On the left are depicted water depths of 1835 Sackets Harbor showing a maximum depth of 14 feet near the sandbar. Beyond the sandbar, outside the harbour entrance, the water became deeper but would require a firstrate ship to be launched over the sandbar to find the 25 to 27 feet of depth needed. Fig. 12.1B: On the right is a detail of the 1816 Vidal, Owen, Renny, Bayfield map of Navy Bay showing 27 feet of depth immediately offshore and well into the bay."]
[52,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",154,"f0154-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 12.2: This detail of an 1815 painting of the naval yard is the first depiction of the dockyard gate and wooden fencing ordered by Commodore Robert Hall. The dockyard gate is near the two buildings and mast pole (with bell) at centre right. The victualler’s storehouse is the structure on the left, above the vessel."]
[53,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",154,"f0154-02",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 12.3: The 1815 smithy was located on today’s RMC parade square, just west of the Stone Frigate. This 1887 photograph was taken when the building was serving as the RMC gymnasium."]
[54,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",155,"f0155-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 12.4: Detail of the Vidal, Owen, Renny, Bayfield Plan of Kingston and Its Vicinity, including the roads."]
[55,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",156,"f0156-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 12.5: Navy Bay in July 1816. From left to right: HMS St. Lawrence, HMS Kingston (Prince Regent), HMS Burlington (Princess Charlotte), and HMS Psyche. The northwest stone tower of Fort Henry is on the right."]
[56,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",157,"f0157-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 12.6: This map, by John Harris probably in 1815, shows acting Commissioner O’Conor’s temporary naval hospital or Hydrographer’s House (red arrow) and Point Frederick naval hospital (blue arrow). The sight lines align with the Point Frederick hospital, a clear landmark and reference used by mariners."]
[57,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",158,"f0158-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 12.7: Point Frederick from the high ground north of Fort Henry. While dated 1819, the scene is thought to be from the fall of 1817 and is attributed to Henry Wolsey Bayfield."]
[58,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",162,"f0162-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 13.1: The future of Point Frederick in 1816: (1) seasoning shed for planks (not built); (2) canal (not built); (3) stone terraced quarters for officers and shipwrights (partly built); (4) stone wall (built); (5) front and back roads (built); (6) storehouse (built smaller); and (7) smithy (built)."]
[59,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",168,"f0168-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 13.2: The dockyard entrance as depicted in a sketch from 1841, showing gate piers supporting an arch over the entrance. The cipher would have been within the framed rectangle at the top of the arch."]
[60,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",169,"f0169-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 13.3A: On the left, the dockyard gate circa 1874, just before the creation of the RMC. Two cannons were buried vertically, muzzles up, and used as bollards to protect the stonework from damage. This practice was started by the British in the early 19th century utilizing captured enemy cannons. "]
[61,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",169,"f0169-02",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 13.3B: This photograph of the Royal Navy Sheerness Dockyard gate, built in 1820, reveals similar placement of cannon bollards. "]
[62,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",170,"f0170-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 13.4: This map from approximately 1830 shows the complete stone wall. The red arrows mark the straight wall sections. The blue arrow marks the gate. The north sections were often deteriorated due to the wet, swampy ground base. The south and east sections were removed in 1847 when Fort Frederick was rebuilt. "]
[63,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",171,"f0171-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 13.5A: This detail of a 1933 NAPL photograph of the hill shows the front road as it is today. "]
[64,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",171,"f0171-02",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 13.5B: The lines have been added to show the outline of the original front road, present from about 1817 until 1874.  "]
[65,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",172,"f0172-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 13.6: The naval hospital cookhouse, now the RMC Commandant’s Guest House, was built during the summer of 1817.  "]
[66,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",178,"f0178-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 14.1A: The upper image is a 1792 plan and elevation of the Present Use Storehouse in Portsmouth, which still exists. Fig. 14.1B: This 1910 photograph shows Commodore Robert Barrie’s storehouse, also known as the Stone Frigate. While larger than the Portsmouth storehouse, the architectural influence is unmistakable."]
[67,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",181,"f0181-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 14.2: This detail of a drawing of Admiralty House depicts its appearance in 1848. The north addition, added by Commodore Robert Barrie, is to the left of the centre tree. The second-storey veranda, which provided the view of Kingston, is to the right of the tree. In the foreground is the stern of HMS Cherokee."]
[68,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",182,"f0182-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 14.3: A panoramic view of the approximate location of Admiralty House, where the commodores resided, starting with Sir Robert Hall. Today’s Hewett House is visible in the background. The area of poor lawn growth in the foreground may be on the site of the former building."]
[69,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",184,"f0184-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 14.4: Commodore Robert Barrie’s schoolhouse was situated near the intersection of Front (Highway 2), Barriefield, and Fort Henry Roads. The bridge in the background is the Penny Bridge, completed in 1829 along the line of the modern LaSalle Causeway. The flag in the background marks the wharf of Admiralty House. The picket fence on the left indicates the northern boundary of the Admiralty property."]
[70,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",185,"f0185-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 14.5: This painting detail from August 1822 depicts the 16-cottage terrace soon after completion. The sheers for raising masts at the Provincial Marine wharf are visible above the centre of the cottage complex."]
[71,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",194,"f0194-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 15.1A: On the left, Commodore Barrie’s Admiralty House, circa 1822. The commodore’s pennant is mounted high above the wharf. Fig. 15.1B: On the right is an aerial view of the modern site with the arrow indicating the possible remains of the commodore’s wharf."]
[72,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",199,"f0199-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 15.2: This remarkable sketch done in 1831 shows the old Provincial Marine wharf and two covered vessels, one the Netley. Note the heavy anchors stowed neatly near the wharf on the left (black arrow)."]
[73,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",201,"f0201-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 15.3: An ink drawing of the Point Frederick dockyard in 1833. The St. Lawrence is not present, having been removed the previous year."]
[74,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",207,"f0207-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 16.1: This map shows a cemetery that includes burials from the 1832 cholera epidemic (red arrow). It is unknown how many graves are present."]
[75,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",210,"f0210-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 16.2: Detail of Plan of the Naval Yard, circa 1830s."]
[76,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",216,"f0216-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 17.1: This highly stylized image shows the dockyard in 1843, a few years after Commodore Williams Sandom’s arrival. The arrow marks the derelict hull of the Netley, which Sandom commissioned as the Niagara. The other vessels are gone."]
[77,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",217,"f0217-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 17.2: John Richard Coke Smyth’s sketch of the Netley made in July 1838. It appears to have been hauled out. Based on the report that the Netley’s office was lost in a storm in 1833, this is likely the Netley (Prince Regent), commissioned by Commodore Sandom as the Niagara."]
[78,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",219,"f0219-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 17.3: HMS Niagara, otherwise known as the Stone Frigate starting in 1838. Commodore Sandom’s office was on the “quarterdeck,” certainly facing Navy Bay. The cookhouse and guardhouse were located in the basement section."]
[79,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",220,"f0220-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 17.4: The Stone Frigate, circa 1841, with Commodore Sandom’s broad pennant flying overhead. The St. Lawrence Wharf is seen in the foreground."]
[80,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",221,"f0221-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 17.5: Detail of a watercolour by Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Francis Ainslie, 1839. The red arrows point to roofing over the old war frigates, still present at Navy Bay. The white arrow points to the gallows used in the execution of Nils von Schoultz. The yellow building on the far left is Admiralty House. The white building in the centre is the naval hospital. Beside it, with the red roof, is the surgeon’s dwelling, today’s RMC Commandant’s Residence. Partly shown on the far right are the naval cottages."]
[81,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",222,"f0222-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 17.6: The final resting place of HMS Charwell (Earl of Moira) at the north end of Navy Bay sandspit, circa 1935. The wreck, which was 200 yards north of the Provincial Marine wharf, was investigated, as shown above. The keel length was 78 feet, near that of the Charwell."]
[82,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",231,"f0231-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 18.1A: On the left is a drawing from the David James Ballingall Diary, circa 1841. Fig. 18.1B: On the right is a photograph taken from the same spot in 2016. The red arrows point to a common porch post. The comparison is convincing evidence that the future RMC dockyard guardhouse was functioning as a sentry post in 1841."]
[83,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",232,"f0232-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 18.2A: Detail of a drawing included in the David James Ballingall Diary. The view is along the stone wall southwest of the dockyard gate, looking toward the barracks. Fig. 18.2B: This 2016 photograph was taken from the same location."]
[84,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",232,"f0232-02",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 18.3A: The image on the left extends Figure 18.2A and shows Kingston Harbour, the naval cottages, Penny Bridge, and the commodore’s wharf. Fig. 18.3B: In this modern photograph, Kingston Inlet has mostly been filled in."]
[85,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",233,"f0233-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 18.4A: The picture on the left was tucked into the front cover of David James Ballingall’s Diary and seems to have been drawn by a different hand, circa 1841. Fig. 18.4B: This similar view shows the knoll."]
[86,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",233,"f0233-02",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 18.5A: The drawing of the Stone Frigate in David James Ballingall’s Diary is compared with Fig. 18.5B. Fig. 18.5B: This scene is easily recognized and includes the continuing presence of the St. Lawrence Wharf, built in 1815."]
[87,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",241,"f0241-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 18.6: The Cherokee on Navy Bay in 1848; detail of a watercolour painting viewed from the head of Navy Bay looking south. The ship is moored with a boat alongside. The twomast vessel at the wharf is probably the Mohawk."]
[88,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",242,"f0242-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 18.7: A 2020 photograph of the Fort Frederick Tower, built in 1847. The ravelin (1) protrudes north toward the sports field. The snow roof on the tower (2) was a later addition. The foundation for the War of 1812 blockhouse (3) was unearthed in the 1960s and left exposed."]
[89,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",243,"f0243-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 18.8A: Detail from an 1837 ordnance map showing the presence of the dockyard wall built around 1820. Note the sea wall portion extending up the east shoreline toward the slipways.  Fig. 18.8B: Detail of an 1870 map showing the completed Fort Frederick and palisade fence. The arrow lines indicate common angle points along the wall."]
[90,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",245,"f0245-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 18.9. This large detail of Lieutenant E.G. Hallewell’s 1848 panorama of Point Frederick shows Navy Bay and the yard, both much improved in appearance."]
[91,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",248,"f0248-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 19.1: This map of the Admiralty property dates from 1859. It shows the extensive gardens near the former Admiralty House (upper centre), and the surgeon’s dwelling, which had been rebuilt (lower centre)."]
[92,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",249,"f0249-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 19.2: This detail of an 1853 map depicts the plan for allocation of the naval cottages after the departure of the navy. All 16 cottages were allocated as either accommodation or office space. Note the large lot allocations to the two senior ordnance officials."]
[93,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",251,"f0251-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 19.3: An 1859 map showing the remaining buildings after the ordnance cleanup. It also shows only a few wartime buildings still remaining."]
[94,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",252,"f0252-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 19.4. Detail of a photograph of burned-out naval cottages, circa 1872. The fire started in the far-right unit and progressed north until it was stopped."]
[95,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",253,"f0253-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 19.5: The white arrow marks the southeast corner of the naval cottages. The crop marks in the grass denote the location of the foundations. This is where the fire started in 1868 that resulted in the destruction of six units."]
[96,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",256,"f0256-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 19.6: Detail of a panorama of Point Frederick showing tents belonging to the militia during a pre-1875 summer training camp. The Stone Frigate stands out in the centre, partially obscured by the blacksmith building."]

{"sheet":"Finished Template","index":2,"n_rows":97,"n_cols":13,"rows_kept":97,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}
["S. No.","Author","Title","Edition","Page Number","Image Name"," Thumbnail of Image","Decorative","Complexity","Figure legend","Alt text - Short","Alt text - Long","URL HYPERLINK"]
[1,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a","Cover","Cover",null,"No","Simple","N/a","Warriors and Warships: Conflict on the Great Lakes and the Legacy of Point Frederick. Robert D. Banks.","In the top panel, a painting shows a large group of British Gunners (“warriors”) manning cannons and firing on American navy sailing warships in the distance. Close to shore is a British naval warship, the HMS Royal George which is anchored and also firing on the American warships. The centre panel has the author's name and titles of the book. The bottom panel has a painting of a very large ship (“warship”) beginning to slide down a slipway into the water. The ship has five flags, and is surrounded by small groups of people. "]
[2,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a","IV - Copyright page","icopy",null,"No","Simple","N/a","logo: Canada Council for the Arts. Government of Ontario. Ontario Arts Council. Ontario Creates","Canada Council for the Arts. Province of Ontario. Ontario Arts Council. Ontario creates. Kingston and Area Association of Museums Art Galleries and Historic Sites. Frontenac Heritage Foundation. City of Kingston."]
[2,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/A","IV - Copyright page","DP_logo_black.eps",null,"No","Simple","N/a","logo: Dundurn Press",null,"https://www.dundurn.com"]
[2,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/A","IV - Copyright page","text reading \"dundurn.com\" on last line",null,"No","Simple","N/a","text reading \"dundurn.com\" on last line",null,"https://www.dundurn.com"]
[2,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/A","IV - Copyright page","sm_twitter_black.eps",null,"No","Simple","N/a","icon: Twitter ",null,"https://twitter.com/dundurnpress"]
[2,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/A","IV - Copyright page","sm_facebook_black.eps",null,"No","Simple","N/a","icon: Facebook",null,"https://www.facebook.com/dundurnpress/"]
[2,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/A","IV - Copyright page","sm_instagram_black.eps",null,"No","Simple","N/a","icon: Instagram",null,"https://www.instagram.com/dundurnpress"]
[3,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a","X","f000x-01",null,"No","Moderate","Point Frederick in 1815.\n\n1 Royal Navy hospital\n2 Front road\n3 Back road\n4 Shanties\n5 Navy Bay Inlet\n6 Kingston Inlet\n7 Navy Bay sandspit\n8 Mould loft, HMS Wolfe, and HMS Canada\n9 Commodore’s quarters\n10 Point Frederick battery","Colour 3D Map of Point Frederick in 1815","A colour schematic of the Point Frederick peninsula from an aerial viewpoint looking north.  The water is blue, the ground is green and beach areas along the shore are light gray. Numbers from one to ten are arranged on the image for reference to 1815 features that are described in the narrative.  The south tip of Point Frederick is at the bottom-centre.  The north portion is at the top-left.  Navy Bay borders the peninsula on the right, while Kingston Harbour is on the left.  No.1, the hospital is near the top and centred on the peninsula. No. 2 and 3 are the front and back roads respectively and roughly follow the shorelines from the north to the dockyard gate. No. 4 are the shanties, many small log houses on the hill north of the gate. Beside the gate on both sides, and pinching the peninsula into a narrowed isthmus are no. 5 Navy Bay Inlet and no. 6 Kingston Inlet. South of the gate, the peninsula widens and forms a large dockyard area. The work area of the dockyard is on the shore of Navy Bay. From the north portion of the dockyard shoreline no. 7, a narrow sandspit, reaches north into Navy Bay and forms a lagoon with land on three sides. South of the sandspit, and on the east shore is no. 8, which identifies the mould loft and two partly built vessels still on land, the HMS Wolfe and HMS Canada. No. 9 is the commodore’s quarters, a painted log house which is in the center of the south portion of the peninsula. No. 10 is a fort surrounded by earthworks which is named Fort Frederick. "]
[4,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a","X","f000x-02",null,"No","Moderate","Point Frederick in 1933.\n\n1 Front Road (Highway 2)\n2 Vérité Avenue\n3 Site of Admiralty House\n4 Valour Drive\n5 The hill\n6 Kingston Harbour\n7 Navy Bay\n8 Mackenzie Building\n9 Stone Frigate\n10 Fort Frederick","Black and white Photo: Point Frederick in 1933","This black and white aerial 1933 photo of the Point Frederick peninsula is from the same vantage point as S #3.  Numbers from one to ten are similarly arranged on the image for reference to 1933 features that are described in the narrative.  No.1 is the Front Road, or Highway 2 that crosses Point Frederick (there are two “front roads,” this one and the other (No. 4) that parallels the west shore of Point Frederick).  No. 2 Vérité Avenue is a rebuilt and straightened back road. No. 3, near the top-left of the photo on the west shore, is the site of the Admiralty House.  No. 4 Valour Drive is a rebuilt and straightened front road. No. 5 shows the hill north of the gate, now without shanties.  No. 6 identifies Kingston Harbour. No. 7 identifies Navy Bay on the right. No. 8 is Mackenzie Building, the first educational building located north of the RMC parade square. No. 9 is the Stone Frigate, on the east shoreline and east end of the RMC parade square. No. 10 is the 1847 version of Fort Frederick. "]
[5,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a","XI","f00xi-01",null,"No","Moderate","Point Frederick in 2020.\n\n1 Barriefield\n2 RMC north campus\n3 Commandant’s\nResidence\n4 Indigenous\ncampground\n5 Dockyard gate\n6 Parade square\n7 Panet House and Old Gym\n8 Provincial Marine wharf\n9 St. Lawrence Wharf\n10 Senior Staff Mess","Colour photo: Point Frederick in 2020","This 2020 colour aerial photo of the Point Frederick peninsula is from the same vantage point as the previous two schematics.  Much of the shoreline, and the west half of Navy Bay have been filled and the peninsula has a very different shape. Numbers from one to ten are arranged on the image for reference to modern features that are described in the narrative.  No.1 is the village of Barriefield, and is north of the Point Frederick property at the upper centre area of the image. No. 2 is the RMC campus north of Highway 2. No. 3 is the RMC Commandant’s Residence, centred on the former peninsula and near the site of the former hospital.  No. 4 is the site of a discovered Indigenous campground, where Navy Bay Inlet once existed, now filled. No. 5 is the site of the dockyard gate, once centred on a former isthmus, the inlets now filled. No. 6 identifies the RMC parade square, now surrounded by academic buildings and dormitories. No. 7 identifies Panet House, on the east shore, just south of the Stone Frigate. No. 8 is the Provincial Marine dock, on the east shore of Navy Bay. Just south of that site is no. 9, the St. Lawrence Wharf. Nearby, and a little further south along the shore is no. 10, the Senior Staff Mess. "]
[6,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a","XI","f00xi-02",null,"No","Moderate","Kingston, Point Frederick, and Fort Henry in 2020.\n\n1 Kingston\n2 Fort Frontenac\n3 Cataraqui River\n4 Site of Penny Bridge\n5 Site of 1812 attack on Kingston\n6 Barriefield\n7 Point Frederick\n8 Navy Bay\n9 Fort Henry\n10 Deadman Bay","Colour photo: Kingston and Point Frederick in 2020","This 2020 colour aerial photo of the Point Frederick peninsula is from a vantage point over Kingston looking northeast and includes Barriefield in the upper centre and Fort Henry in the middle right.  The Point Frederick peninsula is separated from Fort Henry by Navy Bay and spreads from the centre of the image toward the lower right. Kingston is seen on the centre and lower left edge of the image, separated by Kingston Harbour. Lasalle Causeway, a bridge joining Kingston and Point Frederick is seen across the left-middle of the image.  Numbers from one to ten are arranged on the image for reference to modern features that are described in the narrative. No. 1 is Kingston, identified on the left edge of the image. No. 2 is Fort Frontenac near the west end of the Lasalle Causeway. North of the causeway is no. 3, which identifies the Cataraqui River. No. 4 identifies the Lasalle Causeway as the site of the “penny bridge.” No. 5, placed on the open area of water in the foreground of the image is identified as the site of the 1812 attack on Kingston. In the centre of the image, north of highway 2 and the RMC north campus, is no. 6 Barriefield. No. 7 identifies Point Frederick. No. 8 identifies Navy Bay. No. 9 identifies Fort Henry on the right. No. 10 identifies Deadman Bay on the far right of the image."]
[7,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",4,"f0004-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 1.1:  The earliest convincing map of Point Frederick, circa 1682, nine years after the founding of Fort Frontenac. Features and modern context: (1) Point Frederick peninsula; (2) Navy Bay; (3) Kingston Inlet; (4) a Haudenosaunee village; (5) Fort Frontenac; and (6) Kingston Harbour. Point Frederick is mostly forested. Compass label added to detail of map.","Line drawn map: First recognisable depiction of Point Frederick 1682.","This coloured map of the Kingston area and Point Frederick dates from 1682.  It is the first to show features that can be identified with some confidence. On the left to centre is the area around today’s Kingston. On the right, and separated by water is the Point Frederick peninsula. The peninsula is shaped like a knife with the tip at the south end (bottom).  The name Pointe de Montréal appears near the tip. The map shows that the peninsula was wooded. Numbers from one to six are arranged on the image to identify features. No. 1 in the upper right identifies Point Frederick. No. 2 is Navy Bay. No. 3 matches with Kingston Inlet (see S #3, no. 6).  No. 4 is an Indigenous village near Fort Frontenac. No. 5 is Fort Frontenac on the Kingston side in about the right location, although the scale is widely inaccurate. No. 6 indicates Kingston Harbour.  Cedar Island is shown at the lower right of the image."]
[8,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",8,"f0008-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 1.2: This labelled map detail is attributed to Pierre Pouchot and dated 1755 or 1756. The features contain (1) Point Frederick; (2) Fort Frontenac; and (3) Navy Bay. In this depiction, “Pointe de Montreal” is wooded except for the suggestion of a clearing on south Point Frederick. The handwritten notes appear to be plans for a defensive work on Point Frederick.","Line drawn map: Point Frederick in 1755 or 1756.","This black and white map shows features that can be identified with Point Frederick and Kingston. In this depiction, the Kingston area is on the left. Point Frederick and much of the surrounding ground is in the centre and right. The technical accuracy of the map is poor but some features can be identified. Numbers from one to three are arranged on the image to identify features. No. 1 in the centre identifies the Point Frederick peninsula.  No. 2 on the left next to the image of a fort and hooked peninsula identifies Fort Frontenac. No. 3 on the right identifies Navy Bay, although the scale is widely inaccurate. There is writing near the south tip of Point Frederick, and crude drawing that may indicate a military presence, a possibility discussed in the narrative."]
[9,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",10,"f0010-01",null,"No","Moderate","Figs. 1.3A and 1.3B: Two maps, two opinions. Fig. 1.3A: The 1757 René-Hippolyte Laforce map of Cataraqui shows sounding depths, although not in Navy Bay. Fig. 1.3B: Pierre de la Broquerie’s map of the same place, also from 1757, is similar but less stylized.","Line drawn maps: Two from 1757.","The maps are arranged one above the other. The top map was by Captain Rene Leforce, while the bottom was by Captain Pierre de la Broquerie. Both were officers of the French navy, and both maps were completed in 1757. Both show the depths of Kingston Harbour, but no depths are shown for Navy Bay. The accuracy of both maps is greatly improved compared to earlier maps, and most land features are identifiable. The Laforce map depicts Fort Frontenac in a greatly enlarged scale, while la Broquerie’s map shows it closer to map scale.  Both use the name Pointe de Montréal for Point Frederick."]
[10,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",15,"f0015-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 2.1: Lake Ontario trace map with the important naval ports of the 18th and early 19th centuries indicated.","Map: Trace map of Lake Ontario.","The map traces the outline of Lake Ontario and Lake Simcoe and includes the Niagara River, east Lake Erie and the headwaters of the St. Lawrence River. Point Frederick is marked on the upper right.  Wolfe Island, just south of Point Frederick, is labeled and Carleton Island is marked just south of Wolfe Island.  Sackets Harbour is marked on the eastern extremity of Lake Ontario, and is farthest right on the map. Oswego is marked on the eastern south shore just below Sackets. Burlington is marked on the western extremity of the lake, farthest left on the map. York is shown on the north shore close to Burlington. Niagara is shown on the south shore at about the same distance from Burlington.  Fort Erie is marked at the bottom left of the map where the Niagara river meets Lake Erie."]
[11,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",20,"f0020-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 2.2: Point Frederick is the forested area in the background spreading behind the two vessels, Provincial Marine ships, while (1) is near the open area at the base of the tall tree; (2) is close to swampy ground between the inlets; and (3) is near the future dockyard area.","Painting: Point Frederick from Kingston 1784.","This is a detail of a coloured painting of Kingston and Point Frederick by James Peachey of the Royal Navy.  In the foreground are the ruins of Fort Frontenac and early buildings, with a vessel arriving and another alongside. Point Frederick is seen beyond as a band of forest crossing the entire image. Rich deciduous summer growth is seen. Numbers from one to three are arranged on the image to identify features. No. 1, on the left, identifies a large tree and possible landing area. No. 2, further right, is close to the inlets and future dockyard gate. No. 3, in the centre of the image, is the future dockyard area."]
[12,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",25,"f0025-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 2.3: This detail from a 1790 map shows the Provincial Marine wharf (D) and two storehouses (d) built in 1784. These storehouses were located near the Senior Staff Mess close to the shoreline and about 250 yards from the wharf.","Line drawn Map: Point Frederick 1790","The black and white map shows the south half of the peninsula. The dock on the east shore built in 1783/84 is marked D. The early dockyard is enclosed by a rectangular yard on the east shoreline and is marked B. Two store houses, built in 1783/84, are located south along the shoreline, and outside the dockyard enclosure. There are no structures at the south portion of the peninsula, but a surveyed reserve is shown. The Navy and Kingston inlets and associated swampy ground is shown."]
[13,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",28,"f0028-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 3.1: Detail of plan of Kingston and vicinity, 1788. The military reserve was the tinted area defined by shorelines and the oblique straight line.","Map: Kingston and vicinity in 1788","This map shows the Kingston area, Point Frederick, Point Henry, and Cedar Island. The water depths of Navy Bay are shown for the first time. The newly defined military reserve is shown as a tinted area.  The boundary of the tinted area is enclosed by the shorelines of Point Frederick and Point Henry and a line surveyed from the head of Deadman Bay to the shore of the Cataraqui River north of present day Barriefield. In addition, a grid of roads are drawn on Point Frederick with a baseline north-south road centered on the peninsula.  The map is of high quality and shows features that can be recognized today."]
[14,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",29,"f0029-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 3.2: Contemporary handwritten notes on a trace of Captain Gother Mann’s map. ","Map with written text: dockyard perimeter dimensions","This map, similar to the previous one (S #13), includes a hand drawn plan of the rectangular dockyard area and dimensions in handwritten notes. A close-up of the plan and handwriting is inserted in the right upper corner and shows the dimensions as 100 yards by 200 yards."]
[15,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",30,"f0030-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 3.3: The estimated boundary of the early Provincial Marine dockyard as planned. The storehouses were located just beyond the southern fence line close to the west end of today’s Panet House.","Photo image: Outline of first dockyard on modern landscape","The estimated dockyard perimeter lines are indicated on a modern vertical image of Point Frederick. It includes only the east shoreline of modern RMC including the Stone Frigate and parade square.  Notable features on the modern scene are labeled that include the Provincial Marine Wharf, St. Lawrence Wharf, Stone Frigate, Old Gym, Panet House, and boathouse. "]
[16,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",31,"f0031-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 3.4: Detail of the map of Kingston Harbour by René- Hippolyte Laforce and Lewis Kotté, 1789.","Map: Laforce 1789","The 1789 map was the work of Captain Rene Laforce and Lieutenant Lewis Kotté after they completed their lake survey. The map is an incremental improvement on previous maps. Detailed depths are provided for the waters surrounding Point Frederick."]
[17,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",33,"f0033-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 3.5: Map of Point Frederick in 1794 showing the King’s Stores and dockyard. Note the depicted lake approach to the wharf.","Map: Point Frederick 1794.","This detail of a black and white sketch map shows the southern half of Point Frederick in 1794. As well as water depths, there are sailing directions to an anchorage north of the Provincial Marine dock. A shoal in Kingston Harbour is identified. Additional buildings are shown near the Provincial Marine dock which are labeled “King’s Stores.” Further south on the east shore are now four buildings labeled as “Dock Yard.”"]
[18,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",35,"f0035-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 3.6Ai and 3.6Aii: Comparison of 1794 (top) and 1815 (bottom) maps showing matched buildings. Fig. 3.6Bi and 3.6Bii: Side-by-side matching 1815 (left) and 1790 (right) maps of buildings. (Maps rotated counterclockwise.)","Maps: Comparison old and newer maps","There are two sets of two comparison maps displayed, one set above the other. In the first set, an 1815 Admiralty map with buildings clearly identified is placed below the 1794 map previously shown (S #17). Arrows are placed to identify buildings that exist on both maps.  This was done to help identify the function and date of construction of these and other buildings.  In the second set, the 1815 Admiralty map is placed next to the 1790 map previously seen (S #12). An arrow identifies one building in common. "]
[19,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",36,"f0036-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 3.7: A conjectural schematic of Point Frederick in 1794 viewed toward the south with Navy Bay on the left. The fenced enclosure was probably surrounded by a diminishing population of trees until at least the mid-1790s.","Illustration: 3D reconstruction of dockyard 1794","An image from a 3D model reconstruction shows a southwest directed aerial view of the Provincial Marine dockyard. The dockyard is surrounded by a wooden fence. On the left protruding into Navy Bay is the Provincial Marine dock, still present. The centre-left two-storey white building was probably the officers mess and offices. A garden is shown in the rear.  There is shipbuilding underway near the south fence. The depiction of trees reflects the continued presence of forest. There is not yet any construction on the south tip of the peninsula. "]
[20,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",37,"f0037-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 3.8: Officers’ mess/quarters depicted in 1833. This Provincial Marine building was present by 1794 and later served the needs of the Royal Navy.","Drawing: Provincial Marine Officers’ mess","This detail from an 1833 pen ink drawing shows the two-storey Provincial Marine officers’ mess. There was a central chimney, and a garden behind. "]
[21,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",37,"f0037-02",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 3.9: This impressively accurate depiction shows the allocations of land on Point Frederick in 1790. Compare this to Fig. 3.1 and note the two farm lots that intrude into the military reserve.","Map: Lot incursion into military reserve 1790","A detail of this map was previously shown (S #12). In this depiction, the complete map shows two farm lots located just north of Points Frederick and Henry, and within the military reserve (compare with S #13). "]
[22,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",40,"f0040-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 3.10A: This stylized 1796 map detail depicts roads, dockyard buildings, and residences, roughly in line with Captain Gother Mann’s plan (see Fig. 3.1). Fig. 3.10B: The earliest vertical perspective aerial photograph with arrows displaying points of comparison.","Map beside photo: 1796 and 1931 road feature comparisons","The 1796 map on the left was the first to show roads on Point Frederick. A comparison with a 1931 vertical photograph shows persistence of some original features."]
[23,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",43,"f0043-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 4.1A: The sketch by Elizabeth Posthuma Simcoe, dated July 27, 1792, several days after she departed Kingston, shows the town in the background and the south prominence of Point Frederick — still forested — on the right. Fig. 4.1B: A similar view from south Navy Bay between Point Henry and Cedar Island.","Sketch beside photo image: Elizabeth Simcoe drawing 1792","Elizabeth Simcoe made many sketches of Ontario places. Several of these were done near Kingston in 1792. One is depicted on the left of two images. The sketch shows Kingston, Lake Ontario and shore features to the west.  A modern 3D image on the right from a Google Earth virtual camera, duplicates the scene and demonstrates that the landform in the foreground right is south Point Frederick. The Simcoe sketch shows the presence of original forest and smaller trees and shrubs leading to the shoreline of Point Frederick."]
[24,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",53,"f0053-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 5.1: Photograph of Point Frederick from Fort Henry, circa 1862–67. The 1813 mould loft is the two-and-a-halfstorey building in the centre. The arrow points to Slip No. 1.","Photo: mould, rigging and sail loft built in 1813.","This black and white photograph from the 1860s shows the mould, rigging and sail loft in an unused and derelict condition.  The building was adjacent to the St. Lawrence Pier, which is seen protruding into Navy Bay and is still present. The building consisted of three floors with the top floor a well lighted an open space.  About a dozen side windows and six dormers on each side of the roof supplied this need.  An arrow to the right of the building indicates slipway #1. "]
[25,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",59,"f0059-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 5.2: The location of the Point Frederick mast pond is shown in a 1933 aerial photograph. Within two years of the photograph, land infilling of the mast pond began and continued until it was filled.","Photo: mast pond","This 1933 vertical photo of Point Frederick shows the lagoon formed by the shoreline north of the dockyard, Navy Bay inlet and the Navy Bay sandspit.  Enclosed on three sides, the still shallow water formed a natural “mast pond” where masts and yards could be stored and kept moist until needed.  "]
[26,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",76,"f0076-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 7.1: The building in the centre is likely a converted barrack that started as an early Provincial Marine storehouse. It was later converted back to a storehouse (Store No. 3). The pair of similar white buildings on the hill, just to the left, are purpose-built barracks, circa 1813.","Painting: Barrack and shipbuilding area","This detail of a larger 1815 painting shows a building in the centre of the image that served as a storehouse and barrack. To the left of the building, and more distant, are two other barrack buildings on the hill beyond the dockyard gate. To the right are two partly built warships, left on the stocks when the war ended.  "]
[27,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",86,"f0086-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 7.2: The commodore’s house as shown in a detail of a painting made shortly after the War of 1812. While built to meet Commodore James Yeo’s need, at the time of this image it was occupied by Commodore Edward Owen.","Painting: Commodore Yeo’s quarters 1815","This detail of a larger painting from 1815 shows a low, painted log dwelling and office complex that served as quarters and offices for Commodore James Yeo during the War of 1812. It was likely built in the summer of 1813. The building is fenced, and a sentry box and sentry are seen. The commodore’s broad pennant is flying from the mast on the right side of the building. Two ships, the HMS Wolfe and HMS Canada are seen to the left of the building. Timber stored for use in the yard is in the foreground."]
[28,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",87,"f0087-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 7.3: This detail from a British Admiralty map dating from 1815 shows the wooden fence and first dockyard gate. The inset highlights two small objects, probably the cannon bollards still present.","Map: Cannon bollards at dockyard gate","This close-up detail of the 1815 British Admiralty map shows the ground between the Navy Bay Inlet and Kingston Inlet.  A wooden fence crosses the areas between the inlets, forcing traffic to the dockyard gate in the centre.  Sentry boxes are located at the gate, and at points near the fence.  The gate is the location of today's RMC dockyard gate. A closer view of the gate area is shown at the upper left of the image.  Two arrows point to two small dots, thought to be the cannon bollards that remain at the dockyard today."]
[29,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",88,"f0088-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 7.4: Conjectural schematic of wooden fence and dockyard gate (1814) with the core elements of the dockyard in the background.","Illustration: 3D reconstruction of the dockyard gate 1814","An image from a 3D model reconstruction shows a southeast directed elevated view of the dockyard gate and beyond. In the foreground is the wooden gate with one of two cannon bollards visible behind a sentry standing on the road. Just inside the gate are a porter’s lodge and buildings of the quartermaster.  Dockyard buildings are visible in the background and the upslope of Fort Henry hill is seen in the distance beyond Navy Bay. "]
[30,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",93,"f0093-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 7.5: This image of a Royal Navy gunboat shows the single cannon mounted forward. Sailors are rowing, steering, and acting as gunners while marines (in red) wait with small arms ready.","Painting: Royal Navy gunboat in action","This detail of a painting shows sailors rowing an open boat toward a vessel under attack.  Gunners fire the single bow mounted cannon. Officers are standing and gesturing.  Royal Marines, in scarlet uniforms, stand by at the stern."]
[31,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",96,"f0096-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 8.1: The locations of Slips No. 2, No. 3, and No. 4 on today’s landscape are marked by the underwater remains of slipways built in 1813 and 1814.","Photo: Modern aerial view of underwater slipways","This 2020 aerial photo shows the RMC shoreline around the St. Lawrence Pier and south toward Fort Frederick.  Long timbers are seen through the unusually clear waters at locations that match the positions of slipways on old maps.  Slipways 2, 3 and 4 are marked and labeled on the image. These structures are underwater remnants of the War of 1812. "]
[32,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",98,"f0098-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 8.2: This 1841 view shows two of the artificers’ barracks built on the hill in 1813. The third and most northern one is not visible in this view.","Drawing: Barracks on the hill","The viewing point for this 1841 pen ink drawing is the dockyard gate looking north up the hill. In the centre is one of three barracks built on the hill in 1813. Partly hidden next to the building is another, all of similar size and shape. On the left edge of the image is the roof of the surgeons dwelling with the rest of the house hidden by the upslope."]
[33,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",98,"f0098-02",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 8.3: Detail from an 1815 British Admiralty map showing shanties. There were upward of 70 separate apartments or rooms. In some cases, there were single-room shanties. In others, the shanties shared walls with neighbours or were single buildings with multiple rooms. Note the privy at Navy Bay Inlet, which must have received plenty of traffic.","Map: Shanties on the hill","This detail of the 1815 British Admiralty map is the only one to show shanties on the hill in detail. Approximately 70 shanty compartments are seen, scattered from the gate up to the top of the hill. Many were situated on the western shore with views of Kingston. "]
[34,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",100,"f0100-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 8.4: A conjectural schematic looking south to the naval yard. The building in the foreground left is the hospital, which partly hides the surgeon’s house. The three white buildings left centre are barracks, with the shanties to the right near the front road. The dockyard is beyond the fence.","Illustration: 3D reconstruction of north Point Frederick looking toward the south","This elevated view from near Admiralty House looks south toward the dockyard gate and dockyard.  The Royal Navy hospital and partly hidden surgeon’s dwelling are seen at the lower left corner. The view is along the front road and toward the gate.  The three barracks on the hill are grouped on the left with shanties scattered on the right.  South of the dockyard gate are buildings, vessels under construction and Fort Frederick. The tip of Point Henry is visible on the extreme left.  Not shown is Wolfe Island. "]
[35,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",102,"f0102-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 8.5: In this elevated conjectural illustration viewed from Kingston, the blue house on the left is probably Acting Commissioner Richard O’Conor’s quarters and office, the site of today’s RMC Mackenzie Building. Right centre is Commodore Yeo’s quarters and offices.","Illustration: 3D reconstruction of Point Frederick dockyard from Kingston","This elevated view from Kingston shows the wooden fencing crossing the peninsula and following the west shoreline to Fort Frederick. The building in the foreground is the log victualler’s storehouse.  The commodores’ quarters is centred on the peninsula on the right, while the commissioner’s quarters is the small blue building on the left."]
[36,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",102,"f0102-02",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 8.6: The heart of the naval dockyard shown 60 years after the Provincial Marine era. These structures were all present during the War of 1812: (1) upper remnants of the Provincial Marine wharf; (2) the paint shop; (3) roof of a storehouse; (4) partially hidden, the likely dwelling of Richard O’Conor when acting commissioner; and (5) original guardhouse, later the storekeeper’s office.","Sepia photo: Wartime buildings","This 1874 photo detail shows buildings and structures left from the War of 1812. The image captures the east shore including the Provincial Marine wharf and north.  Numbers from one to five are arranged on the image for reference.  No.1 are the wooden structures above water remaining from the Provincial Marine wharf.  No. 2 to the right and in the foreground-centre is the paint shop. No. 3, a storehouse, is immediately behind and probably attached to the paint shop.  Behind and partly hidden is no. 4, the roof of the commissioner’s quarters. To the right and separated from the others, no. 5 is a narrow two storey building that was the Provincial Marine guard house and later storekeeper’s office. "]
[37,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",104,"f0104-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 8.7: Detail of an 1816 map showing the wooden fence across the isthmus (1) and the western boundary fence ordered by Commodore Robert Hall in 1815 (2). The commodore’s quarters are at (3). The workmen’s quarters, including shanties (not shown), are at (4), and the newly built St. Lawrence wharf (circa 1815) is at (5).","Map: Point Frederick 1816","This detail of a larger map shows Point Frederick in 1816 and includes roads. Numbers from one to five are arranged on the image for reference.  On the left is no.1 which marks the fence across the isthmus near the gate. No. 2 is the west boundary fence which parallels the west shore. No. 3 is the Commodore’s quarters.  No. 4 are the shanties on the hill in this depiction. No. 5 is the newly built St. Lawrence Pier. "]
[38,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",111,"f0111-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 9.1: The Point Frederick batteries as depicted in 1815. The fraise is shown by the sawtooth appearance of the parapet surrounding the fort buildings. The counterscarp went to the shoreline. The blockhouse is the large structure in the centre.","Map: Fort Frederick 1815","This 1815 painting detail shows Fort Frederick after the war. On the far right of the image is the commodore’s quarters. A large structure at the centre-right with pointed roof is a log blockhouse located near today's Fort Frederick martello tower. The buildings to the left of the blockhouse are living quarters and stores buildings. The earthworks with fraise are seen along the shoreline. Navy Bay is in the foreground."]
[39,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",130,"f0130-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 10.1: Painting shows the St. Lawrence just before it was launched into Navy Bay. While the crowds are not shown to be large (it was drizzling on September 10, 1814), there is much described in the image (see Fig. 10.2).","Painting: Launch of the HMS St Lawrence","This painting, which adorns the cover, depicts the launch of the HMS St. Lawrence. The very large ship (“warship”) is mounting five flags, and surrounded by small groups of people. The ship is beginning its slide down the slipway into the water. A measure of the great size of the 112 gun warship is provided by the small size of the people.   A few sailors observe the event from the beach. Other observers are scattered in small groups."]
[40,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",130,"f0130-02",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 10.2: Some of the details suggest actual events and people. For example: (1) the man on horseback with companion standing near; (2) possibly Captain William Mulcaster, who had been shot through the leg at Oswego; (3) two sailors or shipwrights cut the tether while a third knocks out blocks; (4) a band plays; and (5) families.","Painting: Details of the launch of the Saint Lawrence","This consists of five small close-up images of the previous painting. Each close-up is numbered. No. 1 is an army officer on horseback. No. 2 is an officer on crutches. No. 3 are sailors working to free the vessel. No. 4 is a band playing. No. 5 is a family and sailors.  "]
[41,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",136,"f0136-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 11.1: The hospital complex today. The arrow shows the outline of the foundations of the Royal Navy hospital built in 1814. The surgeon’s house was within today’s Commandant’s Residence, the large building in the lower right centre. The smaller building on the upper right is the hospital cookhouse.","Photo image: Foundations of the naval hospital","This modern vertical colour photo image shows the roof of the RMC Commandant’s residence in the lower centre.  Up and left in the photo is an arrow pointing to the square shaped outline of the foundations of the naval hospital, which are visible in the grass during dry weather conditions. "]
[42,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",137,"f0137-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 11.2: A painting circa 1911 of the “old” naval hospital in Kingston, built by John Cummings in 1810 and purchased by the Royal Navy in 1814 for use as a temporary hospital.","Painting: Kingston naval hospital","This is a scenic painting of a Kingston house that was used by the Royal Navy as a temporary hospital prior to the construction of the Point Frederick hospital. "]
[43,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",138,"f0138-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 11.3: An 1839 easterly view of the Point Frederick naval hospital (centre building), built in 1814. The house with the red roof was the surgeon’s dwelling, built in 1817. It remains within the structure of the RMC Commandant’s Residence.","Painting: Hospital and surgeons dwelling","This detail of a larger painting shows a white building in the centre that was the Point Frederick Royal Naval hospital. In front of the hospital is a wooden fence. To the right of the hospital with the red roof is the naval surgeon’s dwelling house."]
[44,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",142,"f0142-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 11.4: A.T.E. Vidal, W.F. Owen, H.L. Renny, and H.W. Bayfield 1816 depiction of a burial ground. The routing of the back road was then parallel with the east shore.","Map: Burying ground","This detail of an 1816 map shows the north part of the Point Frederick peninsula. An irregular shaped area is outlined on the south side of today’s Highway 2 near the head of Navy Bay. It is labeled with the words “ burying ground.”  Other buildings to the left on the map are associated with the Admiralty House. "]
[45,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",143,"f0143-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 11.5: This circa 1870 panorama appears to show grave markers on the downslope of the hill at the head of Navy Bay. This would be the closest approach to the burial ground from the early route of the back road.","Photo: Grave markers","This 1870 photo detail comes from a large panoramic view of Point Frederick. Near the centre of the image is an arrow pointing to apparent ground objects. A close-up view of the area around the objects is inserted at the upper left of the photograph.  Circles highlight each of four shapes. They appear to be grave markers.  "]
[46,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",146,"f0146-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 12.1A: On the left are depicted water depths of 1835 Sackets Harbor showing a maximum depth of 14 feet near the sandbar. Beyond the sandbar, outside the harbour entrance, the water became deeper but would require a firstrate ship to be launched over the sandbar to find the 25 to 27 feet of depth needed. Fig. 12.1B: On the right is a detail of the 1816 Vidal, Owen, Renny, Bayfield map of Navy Bay showing 27 feet of depth immediately offshore and well into the bay.","Maps: Comparison of depths of Sackets Harbour and Navy Bay","Two maps are positioned side-by-side. On the left is an 1835 map of Sackets Harbour, the location of US Navy. The deepest water depth is 14 feet. There is a shallow sandbar across the harbour entrance and near the harbour approach. Deeper water is found beyond the harbour. On the right is a map showing harbour depths at Point Frederick’s Navy Bay. The depth near the launching locations of the ships is 27 feet."]
[47,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",154,"f0154-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 12.2: This detail of an 1815 painting of the naval yard is the first depiction of the dockyard gate and wooden fencing ordered by Commodore Robert Hall. The dockyard gate is near the two buildings and mast pole (with bell) at centre right. The victualler’s storehouse is the structure on the left, above the vessel.","Painting: Point Frederick from Fort Henry 1815","This detail of an 1815 painting shows a portion of the dockyard.  In the centre-right is the dockyard gate with a mast and bell.  A wooden fence is seen crossing the peninsula near the gate. In the distance, on Kingston Harbour, a sailing vessel is leaving the harbour.  There are two sailors in the foreground facing the artist. On the left, a ship is seen moored in Navy Bay with its mast removed and roofed over. "]
[48,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",154,"f0154-02",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 12.3: The 1815 smithy was located on today’s RMC parade square, just west of the Stone Frigate. This 1887 photograph was taken when the building was serving as the RMC gymnasium.","Photo: Blacksmith building 1815","This 1887 black and white photo shows the blacksmith building from 1815. The building was made with thick stone walls and had a peaked roof.  The north end of the Stone Frigate is visible on the far right of the photo. On the far left is seen a small part of Mackenzie Building. "]
[49,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",155,"f0155-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 12.4: Detail of the Vidal, Owen, Renny, Bayfield Plan of Kingston and Its Vicinity, including the roads.","Map: Roads of Point Frederick 1816","This map detail is similar to that of S #37, but displays a expanded area to show the complete road system.  The back road in 1816 was an extension of the Point Road which originated from Kingston Mills, the source of lumber.  The back road is seen starting at the upper left of the image, follows a winding path to the dockyard gate and then continues through the gate and directly to the shipbuilding site. The front road started at the scow ferry from Kingston and followed gentle curves to meet the back road just before the gate. "]
[50,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",156,"f0156-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 12.5: Navy Bay in July 1816. From left to right: HMS St. Lawrence, HMS Kingston (Prince Regent), HMS Burlington (Princess Charlotte), and HMS Psyche. The northwest stone tower of Fort Henry is on the right.","Painting: Ships moored in Navy Bay 1816 ","This detail from the 1816 painting looks north along Navy Bay. Fort Henry hill is on the far right. There are four ships spaced apart in the bay. The first on the left is moored at the end of St. Lawrence pier, where work is being conducted on a mast, perhaps removal. The others still have masts but appear to be without yards and sails. Proceeding to the right from the St. Lawrence, the ships are the HMS Kingston, HMS Burlington, and HMS Psyche."]
[51,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",157,"f0157-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 12.6: This map, by John Harris probably in 1815, shows acting Commissioner O’Conor’s temporary naval hospital or Hydrographer’s House (red arrow) and Point Frederick naval hospital (blue arrow). The sight lines align with the Point Frederick hospital, a clear landmark and reference used by mariners.","Map: Harris’ 1815 map of Kingston and environs.","This 1815 map of Kingston and the surrounding area includes depths and sightlines.  The Royal Navy Hospital on Point Frederick and the earlier small hospital in Kingston are shown and identified with arrows. The offshore sightlines include the identification of the Point Frederick hospital as a sighting target, an indication that it was a prominent structure that was visible from the lake."]
[52,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",158,"f0158-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 12.7: Point Frederick from the high ground north of Fort Henry. While dated 1819, the scene is thought to be from the fall of 1817 and is attributed to Henry Wolsey Bayfield.","Painting: Bayfield 1817 of Point Frederick.","This expansive view from near Barriefield includes Fort Henry, Point Frederick, Kingston and beyond.  The view is toward the southwest. In the foreground are stumps, trees and rocks.  Careful viewing of the Point Frederick dockyard shows ships alongside or moored nearby with masts removed and roofing over the decks meant to prevent deterioration. "]
[53,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",162,"f0162-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 13.1: The future of Point Frederick in 1816: (1) seasoning shed for planks (not built); (2) canal (not built); (3) stone terraced quarters for officers and shipwrights (partly built); (4) stone wall (built); (5) front and back roads (built); (6) storehouse (built smaller); and (7) smithy (built).","Map: Future plans for Point Frederick 1816","This 1816 map detail provides the plan for future development of Point Frederick. A canal joining the two inlets is shown, but was not built. A drydock is shown next to the St. Lawrence pier, but was not built.  A rigging shed is shown near the west fence, that was not built. Other features are shown that were built on a reduced scale or altered design. A large storehouse is depicted that became the smaller Stone Frigate."]
[54,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",168,"f0168-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 13.2: The dockyard entrance as depicted in a sketch from 1841, showing gate piers supporting an arch over the entrance. The cipher would have been within the framed rectangle at the top of the arch.","Black and white line drawing: Officer at the dockyard gate","This 1841 ink pen drawing shows the dockyard gate. The stone gate piers support a decorative arch with framed placard. There's an officer standing close to the gate with a cane. Above his head can be seen a bell pole for the dockyard bell.  A sentry can be seen through the open entrance. "]
[55,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",169,"f0169-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 13.3A: On the left, the dockyard gate circa 1874, just before the creation of the RMC. Two cannons were buried vertically, muzzles up, and used as bollards to protect the stonework from damage. This practice was started by the British in the early 19th century utilizing captured enemy cannons. ","Photo: Dockyard gate in 1874","This is one of two photos placed side-by-side. On the left, this 1874 black and white photo detail shows the dockyard gate and two cannon bollards. The bollards are buried in the earth with their muzzles up. These were used to protect the wooden, and then stone fence structures. The gatehouse and porters lodge, both built of stone and present today, are seen beyond the gate on the left and centre. The decorative arch has been removed."]
[56,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",169,"f0169-02",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 13.3B: This photograph of the Royal Navy Sheerness Dockyard gate, built in 1820, reveals similar placement of cannon bollards. ","Photo: Royal Navy Sheerness dockyard gate","On the right is a photo detail of a dockyard gate at Royal Navy Sheerness, UK. Built in 1820, the design is similar to that at Point Frederick, although larger in scale, and includes an arch. Two cannon bollards are evident, clearly purposed to protect the gate structures. "]
[57,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",170,"f0170-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 13.4: This map from approximately 1830 shows the complete stone wall. The red arrows mark the straight wall sections. The blue arrow marks the gate. The north sections were often deteriorated due to the wet, swampy ground base. The south and east sections were removed in 1847 when Fort Frederick was rebuilt. ","Map: Completed stone perimeter wall","This 1830s map detail shows the complete perimeter stonewall. A blue arrow shows the dockyard gate near the top of the image.  Red arrows are placed to indicate the various wall sections surrounding the entirety of the south peninsula except for a portion of lake front. A section of lake front near Fort Frederick was given a stone seawall."]
[58,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",171,"f0171-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 13.5A: This detail of a 1933 NAPL photograph of the hill shows the front road as it is today. ","Photo: Image of old road on 1933 vertical photo ","The black and white 1933 vertical photo is one of two placed side-by-side that show evidence of an earlier road just north of the dockyard gate.  The photo on the left shows a very faint outline of the road at the centre of the image.  The road, which is seen on early maps, was part of the front road as it approached the dockyard gate."]
[59,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",171,"f0171-02",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 13.5B: The lines have been added to show the outline of the original front road, present from about 1817 until 1874.  ","Photo: Image of old road with white lines added ","On the right is the same image with a white outline added to enhance visibility. "]
[60,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",172,"f0172-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 13.6: The naval hospital cookhouse, now the RMC Commandant’s Guest House, was built during the summer of 1817.  ","Photo: Naval hospital cookhouse 2017.","This image of the naval hospital cookhouse as it appears today.  The stone construction is evident."]
[61,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",178,"f0178-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 14.1A: The upper image is a 1792 plan and elevation of the Present Use Storehouse in Portsmouth, which still exists. Fig. 14.1B: This 1910 photograph shows Commodore Robert Barrie’s storehouse, also known as the Stone Frigate. While larger than the Portsmouth storehouse, the architectural influence is unmistakable.","Illustration and photo:  Appearance of Stone Frigate compared with a plan of another Royal Navy building","These two images are arranged vertically with the illustration of the plan of a storehouse above. The illustration shows a three-storey building with a centre entrance, arched windows on the ground floor and rectangular windows above. Arranged below is a 1910 black and white photo of the Stone Frigate which is scaled for comparison.  Although the buildings are different in size, both have three floors, with a centre entrance and similar window placement and shape. Other architectural similarities are evident. "]
[62,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",181,"f0181-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 14.2: This detail of a drawing of Admiralty House depicts its appearance in 1848. The north addition, added by Commodore Robert Barrie, is to the left of the centre tree. The second-storey veranda, which provided the view of Kingston, is to the right of the tree. In the foreground is the stern of HMS Cherokee.","Drawing: Admiralty House 1848","This 1848 drawing is the most detailed depiction of the Admiralty House.  There are trees bracketing the house which is two storeys and has a facing second floor veranda. There is a fence and gate in front. The north extension is evident. Three of the four great chimneys are visible. A few outbuildings are seen. In the foreground is the stern section of a vessel."]
[63,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",182,"f0182-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 14.3: A panoramic view of the approximate location of Admiralty House, where the commodores resided, starting with Sir Robert Hall. Today’s Hewett House is visible in the background. The area of poor lawn growth in the foreground may be on the site of the former building.","Colour photo: Current location of Admiralty House","The modern colour panoramic photo shows an area of poor lawn growth in front of Hewett House, which can be seen on the left.  A modern section of the old front road is on the extreme right. The scene is just south of the RMC Memorial Arch.  The area of poor lawn growth in the foreground may mark the site of the Admiralty House. "]
[64,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",184,"f0184-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 14.4: Commodore Robert Barrie’s schoolhouse was situated near the intersection of Front (Highway 2), Barriefield, and Fort Henry Roads. The bridge in the background is the Penny Bridge, completed in 1829 along the line of the modern LaSalle Causeway. The flag in the background marks the wharf of Admiralty House. The picket fence on the left indicates the northern boundary of the Admiralty property.","Drawing: Point Frederick schoolhouse 1836","This drawing detail shows the schoolhouse attended by Point Frederick students.  The school is in the centre of the image and is a simple one storey building with a surrounding fence. A few people are seen strolling nearby.  A road to the left of the school is today's Highway 2. The Penny Bridge is seen on the right.  The Admiralty House is seen on the left edge of the image."]
[65,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",185,"f0185-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 14.5: This painting detail from August 1822 depicts the 16-cottage terrace soon after completion. The sheers for raising masts at the Provincial Marine wharf are visible above the centre of the cottage complex.","Painting: Naval cottages from Kingston 1822","This detail of a panoramic painting shows the row of naval cottages soon after completion. Kingston Harbour is in the foreground with a sailboat near the centre. The cottages are joined and appear white. Immediately in front of the cottages is a small steamboat. On Point Frederick, two large ships in the stocks are seen on the far right."]
[66,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",194,"f0194-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 15.1A: On the left, Commodore Barrie’s Admiralty House, circa 1822. The commodore’s pennant is mounted high above the wharf. Fig. 15.1B: On the right is an aerial view of the modern site with the arrow indicating the possible remains of the commodore’s wharf.","Painting beside photo: The Admiralty House dock","The painting and photo are arranged side-by-side.  On the left is an 1822 painting detail showing Admiralty House. There are no trees visible in this depiction. The Admiralty House L-shaped dock is seen directly in front of the house with the Commissioners pennant atop the flagpole. On the right is a 2020 aerial photo of the same area on a day when the water was calm and exceptionally clear. An L-shaped structure is seen submerged offshore that may be remnants of the dock. "]
[67,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",199,"f0199-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 15.2: This remarkable sketch done in 1831 shows the old Provincial Marine wharf and two covered vessels, one the Netley. Note the heavy anchors stowed neatly near the wharf on the left (black arrow).","Drawing: Stored dockyard anchors 1831","This 1831 drawing shows the Provincial Marine dock and a roofed vessel tied to the wharf. The vessel is probably the HMS Netley, later the Niagara.  Fort Henry is seen on the hill on the right.  On the left is an arrow pointing to a group of stacked anchors, evidently in storage."]
[68,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",201,"f0201-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 15.3: An ink drawing of the Point Frederick dockyard in 1833. The St. Lawrence is not present, having been removed the previous year.","Drawing: Point Frederick from Fort Henry 1833.","This is a detailed and complete pen ink drawing of Point Frederick. Several details have been used from this drawing in other illustrations. In the foreground are buildings associated with Fort Henry. Most of Navy Bay is visible in the centre. The view of Point Frederick reaches from vessels on the stocks on the far left to the Royal Navy hospital on the right. It shows many of the vessels in storage, either hauled up on land or roofed over and anchored in various places on Navy Bay. The St. Lawrence is not present. The accuracy of the image has raised questions of possible use of a camera lucida as an aid."]
[69,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",207,"f0207-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 16.1: This map shows a cemetery that includes burials from the 1832 cholera epidemic (red arrow). It is unknown how many graves are present.","Map: North burial ground 1849","This 1849 map detail shows the presence of a burial ground on the north boundary of the Point Frederick peninsula. It is north of today’s Highway 2.   A red arrow in the centre of the image points to a square lot of land on the exercise ground.  Inside the square is written “Military burial ground during cholera in 1831, 32.”   "]
[70,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",210,"f0210-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 16.2: Detail of Plan of the Naval Yard, circa 1830s.","Map: Depiction of roads and vessels in 1830. ","This 1830 map detail was previously used to show the complete stone wall around the perimeter (S #57). This larger detail shows the complete peninsula and is the best illustration from the 1830 time frame of the road system and location of mothballed vessels.  Since 1816 (S #49), some of the roads have been straightened and improved, particularly the road along the shoreline of Navy Bay. The locations of five vessels are shown.  One, likely the HMS Netley, is shown next to the Provincial Marine wharf. Three larger vessels and a smaller vessel are shown adjacent to the north end of Navy Bay sandspit."]
[71,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",216,"f0216-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 17.1: This highly stylized image shows the dockyard in 1843, a few years after Commodore Williams Sandom’s arrival. The arrow marks the derelict hull of the Netley, which Sandom commissioned as the Niagara. The other vessels are gone.","Painting: Hulk of the HMS Netley, later Niagara.","This 1843 colour and highly stylized painting shows much of the dockyard from Fort Henry heights. In the foreground are three army officers enjoying the view. A sailboat is cruising on Navy Bay. The buildings of the dockyard, including the Stone Frigate, while highly stylized, can be identified.  A white arrow points to the HMS Netley, then renamed the HMS Niagara. The vessel has been hauled out of the water, but nevertheless remained in commission as a Royal Navy vessel."]
[72,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",217,"f0217-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 17.2: John Richard Coke Smyth’s sketch of the Netley made in July 1838. It appears to have been hauled out. Based on the report that the Netley’s office was lost in a storm in 1833, this is likely the Netley (Prince Regent), commissioned by Commodore Sandom as the Niagara.","Drawing: HMS Netley in 1838","This 1838 drawing of the hauled out HMS Netley may also show the Provincial Marine dock.  In the foreground is a derelict wagon. The Netley appears to be in poor shape, with timbers protruding from the sides. In the distance on the right is Fort Henry hill. "]
[73,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",219,"f0219-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 17.3: HMS Niagara, otherwise known as the Stone Frigate starting in 1838. Commodore Sandom’s office was on the “quarterdeck,” certainly facing Navy Bay. The cookhouse and guardhouse were located in the basement section.","Photo illustration: Function of inside space of Stone Frigate 1838","To this early postcard image of the Stone Frigate is added text and arrows describing the function of the various spaces inside the building starting in 1838.  The view is from the RMC parade square and misses the basement level.  With reference to the first deck, the circular staircase is indicated at the centre door. To the right is the dining room or lower deck. To the left are the sailors’ bunks. Moving up the stairs to the second deck, to the right is the officers’ cabins and mess room, to the left is the quarterdeck and mates’ cabins. Moving up again to the third deck, one finds the sick bay, tailor, shoemaker, armoury, and warrant officers’ cabins. "]
[74,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",220,"f0220-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 17.4: The Stone Frigate, circa 1841, with Commodore Sandom’s broad pennant flying overhead. The St. Lawrence Wharf is seen in the foreground.","Drawing:  Stone Frigate and dockyard 1841","This drawing of the dockyard is viewed from Navy Bay looking west. The Stone Frigate is the large building in the centre of the image. A broad pennant is flying from the roof, indicating the presence of command. The St. Lawrence pier is in the foreground. The mould, rigging and sail loft is on the left of the image. On the right are other buildings associated with the dockyard, some dating from the Provincial Marine era."]
[75,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",221,"f0221-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 17.5: Detail of a watercolour by Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Francis Ainslie, 1839. The red arrows point to roofing over the old war frigates, still present at Navy Bay. The white arrow points to the gallows used in the execution of Nils von Schoultz. The yellow building on the far left is Admiralty House. The white building in the centre is the naval hospital. Beside it, with the red roof, is the surgeon’s dwelling, today’s RMC Commandant’s Residence. Partly shown on the far right are the naval cottages.","Painting: Point Frederick and Fort Henry 1839","A detail from this painting was used previously to show the hospital and surgeon’s dwelling house (S #43).  This wider view includes the Admiralty House and dock on the far left, and naval cottages on the right.  Fort Henry is beautifully illustrated beyond. In the foreground, a small steamboat tows barges. In the distance, a white arrow points to the gallows built for the execution of Nils then Schultz.  In the middle of the image are two red arrows that point to the roofs of large vessels on Navy Bay.  This demonstrates their continued presence at the time of the painting in 1839."]
[76,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",222,"f0222-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 17.6: The final resting place of HMS Charwell (Earl of Moira) at the north end of Navy Bay sandspit, circa 1935. The wreck, which was 200 yards north of the Provincial Marine wharf, was investigated, as shown above. The keel length was 78 feet, near that of the Charwell.","Photo: Shipwreck in Navy Bay 1935.","The photograph shows a man digging into gravel with a shovel at a site of a shipwreck. The view is toward north Navy Bay from the sandspit. The presence of the wreck is shown by the weathered timbers that protrude from the gravel bed on both sides of the man.  "]
[77,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",231,"f0231-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 18.1A: On the left is a drawing from the David James Ballingall Diary, circa 1841. Fig. 18.1B: On the right is a photograph taken from the same spot in 2016. The red arrows point to a common porch post. The comparison is convincing evidence that the future RMC dockyard guardhouse was functioning as a sentry post in 1841.","Drawing and photo: Old and modern comparison of the Navy dockyard gate","A drawing and photo are placed side-by-side for comparison. On the left, is the drawing previously viewed (S #54), of an officer standing next the dockyard gate. A sentry and porch post is seen through the open gate.  Arranged on the right is a 2016 photo of the same scene.  The porch post matches in shape and location that in the drawing, evidence that the RMC guardhouse existed when the drawing was made and was functioning as such."]
[78,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",232,"f0232-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 18.2A: Detail of a drawing included in the David James Ballingall Diary. The view is along the stone wall southwest of the dockyard gate, looking toward the barracks. Fig. 18.2B: This 2016 photograph was taken from the same location.","Drawing and photo: Old and modern comparison of the Kingston inlet.","A drawing and photo are placed side-by-side for comparison. The 1841 drawing on the left shows the naval dockyard stone wall on the right of the image and an adjacent road. In the centre and left of the image is a small inlet with the water close to the road. Beyond is a hill with barracks buildings. The roofs of the surgeons dwelling, and hospital appear above the crest of the hill. Arranged on the right is a 2016 photo of the same scene. The road and stone wall remain, although the road is widened and paved. The inlet is filled, and dormitory buildings obscure the view of the hill."]
[79,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",232,"f0232-02",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 18.3A: The image on the left extends Figure 18.2A and shows Kingston Harbour, the naval cottages, Penny Bridge, and the commodore’s wharf. Fig. 18.3B: In this modern photograph, Kingston Inlet has mostly been filled in.","Drawing and photo: Old and modern comparison of the west shoreline","A drawing and photo are placed side-by-side for comparison. Both continue the previous view (S #78) further left to provide views of the west shoreline and Cataraqui River. The 1841 drawing on the left shows the southern units of the naval cottages. The water of the inlet and river fill most of the foreground of the image. A low bridge is seen in the distance extending from the left to centre.  Arranged on the right is a 2016 photo of the same scene. The photo shows alternations in the shoreline due to land and rock fill, although similarities in the scene can be appreciated."]
[80,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",233,"f0233-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 18.4A: The picture on the left was tucked into the front cover of David James Ballingall’s Diary and seems to have been drawn by a different hand, circa 1841. Fig. 18.4B: This similar view shows the knoll.","Drawing and photo: Old and modern comparison of view toward Kingston","A drawing and photo are placed side-by-side for comparison. The 1841 sketch on the left is a viewed from the dockyard gate area looking west over Kingston inlet, which is seen in the foreground. Kingston is seen in the centre to right of the drawing. A boat and dock are visible in the foreground, and the edge of a road is visible at the lower left. A knoll is visible on the extreme right of the photo. Arranged to the right of the drawing is a 2022 photo of the same scene from approximately the same location. The knoll is seen on the right of the photo with Kingston in the background. Most of the inlet has been filled."]
[81,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",233,"f0233-02",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 18.5A: The drawing of the Stone Frigate in David James Ballingall’s Diary is compared with Fig. 18.5B. Fig. 18.5B: This scene is easily recognized and includes the continuing presence of the St. Lawrence Wharf, built in 1815.","Drawing and photo: Old and modern comparison of Stone Frigate and dockyard","An 1841 drawing is placed above a photo for comparison. The upper image is the view of the Stone Frigate and dockyard that was presented earlier at S #74. The 2021 photo that was placed below duplicates the scene. The features of the Stone Frigate are still discernible in the modern scene, although the building has been modified with a centre addition. The other dockyard buildings in the drawing are gone, having been replaced with college buildings. The St. Lawrence pier is evident in both images."]
[82,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",241,"f0241-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 18.6: The Cherokee on Navy Bay in 1848; detail of a watercolour painting viewed from the head of Navy Bay looking south. The ship is moored with a boat alongside. The twomast vessel at the wharf is probably the Mohawk.","Painting: HMS Cherokee on Navy Bay 1848","The coloured painting depicts Navy Bay, the dockyard and east shoreline viewed toward the south.  On the left of the image is HMS Cherokee, moored near a dock. The Cherokee has a centre mounted smokestack and two masts and yards.  The sails are stowed. Another vessel tied up on the right is probably the HMS Mohawk. An early crane, called “sheers” is further left and close to the shoreline."]
[83,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",242,"f0242-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 18.7: A 2020 photograph of the Fort Frederick Tower, built in 1847. The ravelin (1) protrudes north toward the sports field. The snow roof on the tower (2) was a later addition. The foundation for the War of 1812 blockhouse (3) was unearthed in the 1960s and left exposed.","Photo: Aerial view of Fort Frederick 2020","The modern photo shows Fort Frederick as it appears today. The white stone Fort Frederick martello tower built in 1847 is in the centre of the image. Numbers from one to three are arranged on the image for reference to important features.  No.1 is at the centre top and indicates a ravelin that projects beyond the curtain wall and toward the RMC sports field. No. 2 is the martello tower. No. 3 is the remains of the foundations of an earlier 1812 blockhouse which are close to the martello tower. "]
[84,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",243,"f0243-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 18.8A: Detail from an 1837 ordnance map showing the presence of the dockyard wall built around 1820. Note the sea wall portion extending up the east shoreline toward the slipways.  Fig. 18.8B: Detail of an 1870 map showing the completed Fort Frederick and palisade fence. The arrow lines indicate common angle points along the wall.","Maps: Removal of part of the stone wall: comparisons of 1837 and 1870 maps.","Two maps arranged in a side-by-side comparison with labeled arrows showing points of comparison. Arranged on the left is an 1837 map including Fort Frederick before the 1847 reconstruction.  Arranged on the right is an 1870 map that includes the reconstructed Fort Frederick. Three arrows at the top of both maps show common points in stone wall sections near the west shore, demonstrating that these portions were not altered. The old stone wall is pointed out on the 1837 map but not seen on the 1870 map. A new stone wall, which did not connect with the Point Frederick dockyard perimeter wall is pointed out in the 1870 map. A wooden fence that replaced the demolished section of the stone perimeter wall is also seen on the map."]
[85,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",245,"f0245-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 18.9. This large detail of Lieutenant E.G. Hallewell’s 1848 panorama of Point Frederick shows Navy Bay and the yard, both much improved in appearance.","Painting: Panorama of Point Frederick 1848","This large detail of a painted colour panorama includes all of Point Frederick as it was in 1848. The foreground includes the elevated terrain north of Fort Henry, the vantage point of the painting. The HMS Cherokee, seen on the far left, appears to be moored in Navy Bay. The Stone Frigate and the other dockyard buildings can be identified. In the distance is Kingston and Lake Ontario."]
[86,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",248,"f0248-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 19.1: This map of the Admiralty property dates from 1859. It shows the extensive gardens near the former Admiralty House (upper centre), and the surgeon’s dwelling, which had been rebuilt (lower centre).","Map: Admiralty property 1859","This 1859 map of the north section of Point Frederick shows the residential use of land after the departure of the Admiralty. The Admiralty House property lot in the left centre is shown with extensive and well developed gardens south of the residence, bordered by the front road. The surgeons dwelling house, in the lower centre, has a smaller, but still ambitious garden lot in front of the house. There are a number of smaller garden plots along the back road.  "]
[87,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",249,"f0249-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 19.2: This detail of an 1853 map depicts the plan for allocation of the naval cottages after the departure of the navy. All 16 cottages were allocated as either accommodation or office space. Note the large lot allocations to the two senior ordnance officials.","Map and handwritten labels: Building and space allocation 1853","This 1853 map of the north section of Point Frederick contains handwritten labels that describe the allocation of residential and office space. The Admiralty House and associated property was occupied by the ordnance storekeeper. The surgeons’ dwelling and associated property was occupied by the ordnance clerk. There were 16 allocated naval cottages. The ordnance officers took up three. Others were occupied by clerks, foremen and supervisors. Three were unappropriated.  "]
[88,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",251,"f0251-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 19.3: An 1859 map showing the remaining buildings after the ordnance cleanup. It also shows only a few wartime buildings still remaining.","Map: South Point Frederick 1859","This detailed 1859 map of the south peninsula was done after the departure of the Admiralty. Most of the naval buildings had been removed. Those remaining are seen on the map and include the Stone Frigate, the mould, rigging and sail loft, blacksmith and associated shops, paint and storage stores, 1813 commissioner’s office, storekeeper’s office, and magazine. The guard house and associated buildings also remained. Fort Frederick was unchanged after its reconstruction in 1847."]
[89,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",252,"f0252-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 19.4. Detail of a photograph of burned-out naval cottages, circa 1872. The fire started in the far-right unit and progressed north until it was stopped.","Photo: Naval cottage in ruins 1872","In 1868, fire started in the south end of the naval cottages and completely destroyed the roofs and interior of some homes. This closeup detail of an 1872 photo shows the burned out ruins of the residences that were destroyed, but still standing. Evident in the photo are the missing roof structures, gaping window frames and the desolate appearance of the ruins."]
[90,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",253,"f0253-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 19.5: The white arrow marks the southeast corner of the naval cottages. The crop marks in the grass denote the location of the foundations. This is where the fire started in 1868 that resulted in the destruction of six units.","Photo: Outlines of naval cottage foundations 2016","This 2016 photo view is toward the south along the west shoreline of Point Frederick. In the foreground, straight lines of yellowed grass mark the presence of the buried foundations of the naval cottages. An arrow points to the site of the southeast corner of the cottages, close to where the fire began. Beyond, on the left is an RMC dormitory and Lake Ontario on the right. "]
[91,"Robert D. Banks","Warriors and warships: conflict on the Great Lakes and the legacy of Point Frederick","N/a",256,"f0256-01",null,"No","Moderate","Fig. 19.6: Detail of a panorama of Point Frederick showing tents belonging to the militia during a pre-1875 summer training camp. The Stone Frigate stands out in the centre, partially obscured by the blacksmith building.","Photo: Point Frederick 1874","This 1874 photograph of Point Frederick is from Kingston looking east toward Fort Henry. In addition to the Stone Frigate, there are still a few buildings remaining from the War of 1812, such as the mould, rigging and sail loft situated to the right of the Frigate. More striking are the many bell tents seen along most of the Point Frederick property. These tents belonged to the militia regiments who were conducting summer exercises and training."]